Version History
Privacy Policy
Last Updated: March 8, 2026
Effective Date: March 8, 2026
Company: Pledle
Contact: privacy@pledle.com
Table of Contents
- Introduction and Scope
- Data Controller
- Personal Data We Collect
- Methods of Data Collection
- Purposes and Legal Grounds for Processing
- AI and Third-Party Services
- Sharing and Transfer of Data
- International Data Transfers
- Data Retention Periods
- Data Security
- Cookies and Tracking Technologies
- Your Rights Under KVKK (Turkey)
- Your Rights Under GDPR (EU/EEA)
- Your Rights Under CCPA (California Residents)
- Regional Legal Regulations
- Children's Privacy
- Marketing Communications
- Policy Changes
- Contact and Application Methods
1. Introduction and Scope
At Pledle ("Pledle", "we", "us", "our"), we adopt the highest standards for the security and privacy of your personal data. This Privacy Policy explains how your personal data is collected, processed, stored, protected, and shared when using our website, mobile application, and all digital services ("Platform") offered through the pledle.com domain.
This Policy has been prepared within the framework of the following legal regulations:
- Law on the Protection of Personal Data No. 6698 (KVKK) — Turkey
- General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) — European Union and European Economic Area
- Telemediengesetz / TTDSG (Telekommunikation-Telemedien-Datenschutz-Gesetz) — Germany
- Loi Informatique et Libertés / RGPD — France (CNIL supervision)
- California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) and California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA) — United States, State of California
- Federal Law No. 152-FZ "On Personal Data" — Russian Federation
- Act on the Protection of Personal Information (APPI) — Japan
- Personal Data Protection Law (PDPL) — Saudi Arabia and UAE
By continuing to use our Platform, you acknowledge that you have read this Policy and understand its content. If you do not agree with this Policy, please do not use the Platform.
2. Data Controller
For Turkish and international users:
| Field | Information |
|---|---|
| Company Name | Pledle |
| privacy@pledle.com | |
| Website | https://pledle.com |
| Data Protection Officer (DPO) | dpo@pledle.com |
Under GDPR, Pledle is the data controller responsible for processing your personal data.
Under KVKK, Pledle is the data controller pursuant to Article 3 of Law No. 6698.
3. Personal Data We Collect
3.1 Account and Identity Information
When you register on our Platform, we collect the following data:
- First and last name — the name you provide during account creation
- Email address — for authentication, notification, and communication purposes
- Encrypted password — never stored in plain text; hashed with the bcrypt algorithm
- Profile picture — an optional avatar image you upload
- Membership plan — Free, Reader, Scholar, or Book Club plan information
- Account creation date and time
3.2 Reading and Library Data
To provide the core functionality of the Platform, we process the following data:
- Book title and author name — works you add to your library
- Book cover image URL — an optional link you provide
- Reading progress — current chapter and total number of chapters
- Reading status — "Reading", "Want to Read", or "Finished"
- Addition and update dates — timestamps of book data
- Favorite work — the book you specify in profile settings
3.3 AI Chat Data
When you use the AI-powered chat feature of our Platform:
- Chat messages — questions you send to the AI and the responses you receive
- Message timestamps — the date and time each message was sent
- Associated book — the work in the context of which the chat takes place
- Conversation history — the last 10 messages to provide context
⚠️ Important Note: Messages you send to the AI are processed through OpenAI's infrastructure. For detailed information on this, see Section 6.
3.4 Usage and Preference Data
- Daily reading goal — the duration you set in minutes
- Preferred genres — your reading preferences
- Reading level — your specified experience level
- Language and region preferences
3.5 Technical and Device Data
Technical data automatically collected when you visit the Platform:
- IP address — for security, verification, and geographic identification purposes
- Browser type and version
- Operating system
- Device type (desktop, tablet, mobile)
- Visited pages and clicked links
- Session duration and Platform access times
- Referrer URL (if any)
- Cookie data — see Section 11 for details
3.6 Payment and Subscription Data
When you purchase a paid plan:
- Subscription plan and billing period
- Transaction date and amount
- Subscription status (active, cancelled, expired)
ℹ️ Note: Sensitive payment data such as credit card numbers, CVV, and bank account information are never stored on Pledle servers. This data is processed by Lemon Squeezy, our payment infrastructure provider, in compliance with PCI DSS standards.
3.7 Communication Data
When you contact us:
- Email correspondence — support requests and general inquiries
- Support request numbers
- Date and time of communication
- Subject and content of communication
4. Methods of Data Collection
We collect your personal data in the following ways:
4.1 Directly From You
- Account creation form
- Profile settings page
- Adding books to the library
- AI chat interface
- Support request forms
4.2 Automatically
- Session cookies and local storage
- Server logs (log files)
- Browser and device information
4.3 From Third Parties
- Supabase — technical identity data during the authentication process
- Lemon Squeezy — subscription and payment transaction data
- OpenAI — technical data during the AI response processing process (message contents are transmitted to OpenAI)
5. Purposes and Legal Grounds for Processing
We process your personal data only for specific, legitimate, and clear purposes. The table below shows the purpose and legal ground for each processing activity:
| Processing Purpose | Legal Ground (KVKK) | Legal Ground (GDPR) |
|---|---|---|
| Account creation and authentication | Performance of contract (Art. 5/2-c) | Performance of contract (Art. 6/1-b) |
| Provision of Platform services | Performance of contract (Art. 5/2-c) | Performance of contract (Art. 6/1-b) |
| Library and progress tracking | Performance of contract (Art. 5/2-c) | Performance of contract (Art. 6/1-b) |
| Operation of AI chat feature | Explicit consent (Art. 5/1) | Explicit consent (Art. 6/1-a) |
| Subscription and invoice management | Performance of contract / Legal obligation | Performance of contract (Art. 6/1-b) |
| Security and verification | Legitimate interest (Art. 5/2-f) | Legitimate interest (Art. 6/1-f) |
| Improvement of Platform performance | Legitimate interest (Art. 5/2-f) | Legitimate interest (Art. 6/1-f) |
| Fulfillment of legal obligations | Legal obligation (Art. 5/2-a) | Legal obligation (Art. 6/1-c) |
| Marketing and info emails | Explicit consent (Art. 5/1) | Explicit consent (Art. 6/1-a) |
| Technical support and customer service | Performance of contract / Legitimate interest | Performance of contract / Legitimate interest |
6. AI and Third-Party Services
6.1 OpenAI — GPT-4o Integration
The AI chat feature on our Platform operates via the GPT-4o model developed by OpenAI.
What is transmitted?
When you send a message to the AI, the following data is transmitted to OpenAI's servers:
- The content of the message you sent
- Content of the last 10 messages for context
- Title, author, and your current chapter of the book you are reading
- Chapter information necessary for spoiler protection
What is NOT transmitted?
- Your first or last name
- Your email address
- Your account credentials
- Your payment information
OpenAI's data policy:
OpenAI commits not to use data transmitted via the API to train its models (for API use). However, we recommend reviewing OpenAI's official Privacy Policy and API Terms of Use for absolute assurance: openai.com/privacy
⚠️ By sending a message using the AI chat feature, you agree that your message contents will be processed through OpenAI's infrastructure.
6.2 Supabase — Database and Authentication
All user data, book data, and chat histories are hosted on the Supabase infrastructure. Supabase is a PostgreSQL-based database and authentication service.
- Data is transmitted over encrypted connections (TLS/SSL)
- Row Level Security (RLS) is active; only you can access your data
- Supabase privacy policy: supabase.com/privacy
6.3 Lemon Squeezy — Payment Infrastructure
Subscription payments are handled through Lemon Squeezy.
- Credit card data is not transmitted to Pledle; it is processed directly by Lemon Squeezy
- Lemon Squeezy is PCI DSS compliant
- Lemon Squeezy privacy policy: lemonsqueezy.com/privacy
6.4 Resend — Email Service
The system's automatic emails (registration confirmation, password reset, etc.) are sent through the Resend infrastructure.
- Only the email address and related template content are transmitted
- Resend privacy policy: resend.com/privacy
7. Sharing and Transfer of Data
We do not sell your personal data to third parties. Your data may be shared only in one of the following limited circumstances:
7.1 Service Providers (Data Processors)
We work with the following data processors to operate the Platform. These parties process your data only in accordance with our instructions and within the framework of the privacy agreements they are bound by under this Policy:
| Service Provider | Purpose | Transmitted Data |
|---|---|---|
| OpenAI | AI chat processing | Message content, book info |
| Supabase | Database and authentication | All account and content data |
| Lemon Squeezy | Payment processing | Subscription and transaction data |
| Resend | Email delivery | Email address, template content |
7.2 Legal Obligation
We may share data with authorized authorities in the following cases:
- Court order or legal obligation
- Prevention of situations threatening public safety
- Protection of our legal rights
7.3 Changes in Company Structure
In the event of a merger, acquisition, or asset sale, your data may be transferred to the successor company. In this case, we will inform you in advance.
7.4 Your Explicit Consent
Other than the situations above, we obtain your explicit consent before sharing your data with third parties.
8. International Data Transfers
Since Pledle provides a global service, your data may be transferred to servers in countries outside of Turkey.
8.1 Transfers Under GDPR
Data transfers outside of the EU/EEA are carried out on the basis of one of the following safeguards:
- Adequacy decision: Countries where the European Commission recognizes an adequate level of protection
- Standard Contractual Clauses (SCCs): EU-approved standard contractual terms
- Appropriate safeguards: Data processing agreements signed with processors
8.2 Transfers Under KVKK
Transfer of data abroad is based either on your explicit consent or on the condition that it is made to countries with adequate protection as determined by the Personal Data Protection Board, pursuant to Article 9 of the KVKK.
8.3 Locations of Services We Use
| Service | Server Location |
|---|---|
| Supabase | USA (AWS) |
| OpenAI | USA |
| Lemon Squeezy | USA |
| Resend | USA |
9. Data Retention Periods
We retain your personal data only for as long as required by the purpose of processing.
| Data Type | Retention Period |
|---|---|
| Account info (name, email) | As long as the account is active + 30 days after deletion |
| Book and library data | As long as the account is active + 30 days |
| AI chat history | As long as the account is active or until deleted by user |
| Payment and invoice records | 10 years as required by legal obligation |
| Security logs (log) | 90 days |
| Email correspondence (support) | 3 years |
| Cookie data | Varies by cookie type (see Section 11) |
| Backups after account deletion | Permanently deleted within 30 days |
We may retain certain data for longer periods if required by legal obligations (such as tax, accounting, right of defense against judicial authorities).
10. Data Security
We implement industry-standard technical and administrative security measures to protect your personal data:
10.1 Technical Measures
- Encrypted connection: All data transmission is encrypted with TLS 1.2 / 1.3
- Password security: Passwords are hashed with the bcrypt algorithm; not stored in plain text
- Row Level Security (RLS): In Supabase, each user can only access their own data
- Multi-factor authentication (MFA): Can be enabled optionally
- Secure API management: OpenAI and other API keys are stored only on the server side; never disclosed to the client
- Database access control: Only authorized personnel can access production databases
10.2 Administrative Measures
- Our employees are bound by confidentiality obligations
- Data access is limited by the "least privilege" principle
- Regular security reviews are conducted
10.3 Data Breach Notification
In case a security breach affecting your personal data is detected:
- Under GDPR: Notification is made to the authorized supervisory authority within 72 hours; for breaches posing a high risk, the relevant persons are notified without delay
- Under KVKK: Notification is made to the Personal Data Protection Board as soon as possible
- For breaches directly affecting you, you will be informed via email
11. Cookies and Tracking Technologies
11.1 Cookie Types
The following cookie categories are used on our Platform:
| Cookie Type | Purpose | Retention Period | Mandatory? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mandatory Cookies | Session management, security | Session duration | Yes |
| Preference Cookies | Language and interface preferences | 1 year | No |
| Analytical Cookies | Measuring Platform performance | 90 days | No |
11.2 Cookie Control
You can manage cookies from your browser settings. However, disabling mandatory cookies may prevent the Platform from functioning properly.
11.3 Third-Party Cookies
The Platform does not use third-party analytical or advertising cookies. All cookies are first-party.
12. Your Rights Under KVKK (Turkey)
Pursuant to Article 11 of Law No. 6698 (KVKK), you have the following rights:
- Right to be informed: Knowing whether your personal data is being processed
- Right of access: Requesting information regarding your processed personal data
- Right to rectification: Asking for correction of incorrect or incomplete data
- Right to erasure: Requesting deletion or destruction of your data
- Right to object: Objecting to the results of processing
- Data portability: (Although not explicitly regulated in KVKK, we provide it)
- Remedy of damage: Requesting compensation for damages incurred due to unlawful processing
- Transfer information: Knowing the third parties your data is transferred to
Application method: To exercise your rights, you can make a written application in Turkish or English to privacy@pledle.com. Your application will be answered within 30 days at the latest.
Complaint to KVK Board: If your application remains inconclusive, you reserve the right to file a complaint with the Personal Data Protection Board (kvkk.gov.tr).
13. Your Rights Under GDPR (EU/EEA)
As users residing in the EU/EEA, you have the following rights under Articles 15-22 of the GDPR:
- Right of access (Art. 15): Requesting a copy of your personal data we process
- Right to rectification (Art. 16): Asking for correction of incorrect or incomplete data
- Right to erasure / "Right to be forgotten" (Art. 17): Requesting deletion of your data under certain conditions
- Right to restriction of processing (Art. 18): Requesting suspension of processing under certain conditions
- Right to data portability (Art. 20): Requesting your data in a structured, machine-readable format
- Right to object (Art. 21): Objecting to processing based on legitimate interest
- Objecting to automated decision making (Art. 22): Objecting to decisions based solely on automated processing
- Withdrawal of consent: Withdrawing your consent at any time for consent-based processing
EU representative: Pledle has not yet appointed an official EU representative. You can use the dpo@pledle.com address for requests in this regard.
Complaint to supervisory authority: If you believe your rights have been violated, you can file a complaint with the Data Protection Authority (DPA) of the EU member state you are in. You can find the list of supervisory authorities in Europe at edpb.europa.eu.
Response time: We usually respond to your requests within 30 days, and in complex cases, within a maximum of 90 days.
14. Your Rights Under CCPA (California Residents)
As users residing in California, you have the following rights under CCPA/CPRA:
14.1 Right to Know
You have the right to request information about the personal data we collected in the last 12 months:
- Categories of data collected
- Sources from which data is collected
- Purpose of data processing
- Third parties shared with
14.2 Right to Delete
You can request the deletion of your personal data. Exceptions such as legal obligation, performance of contract, or legitimate security purposes may apply.
14.3 Right to Correct
You can request the correction of incorrect personal data.
14.4 Right to Opt-Out of Sale and Sharing
Pledle does not sell your personal data to third parties and does not share it for advertising purposes. Therefore, the "Do Not Sell My Info" option is not active.
14.5 Right to Limit Use of Sensitive Personal Data
The Platform does not process sensitive personal data categories (race, religion, health, biometrics, etc.).
14.6 Non-Discrimination
No difference in service quality will be applied due to the exercise of your rights.
14.7 Application
You can apply to privacy@pledle.com to exercise your CCPA rights. We may need to verify your identity. Requests are answered within 45 days; when necessary, this period can be extended once more for 45 days.
Authorized agent: You can authorize an agent to apply on your behalf; in this case, an authorization document may be requested.
15. Regional Legal Regulations
This section explains the local data protection legislation applicable to users in different countries using the Platform. Your rights under GDPR and KVKK have been handled in detail in the relevant sections above.
15.1 Germany — TTDSG (Telekommunikation-Telemedien-Datenschutz-Gesetz)
Who it applies to: Users residing in Germany or accessing our Platform from Germany.
Legal ground: TTDSG came into effect in December 2021 and builds on the rules for cookies and tracking technologies in Germany over the GDPR and brings a stricter framework.
Pledle's compliance approach:
One of the most important requirements of the TTDSG is that cookies and similar tracking tools that are not technically mandatory are enabled only after explicit consent is obtained. Additionally:
- The "Refuse" or "Mandatory Only" option is offered with the same visibility and accessibility as the "Accept" option. In the German interface, this arrangement is mandatory under TTDSG §25.
- Before consent, only technically mandatory cookies are kept active; preference and analytical cookies are not started without obtaining consent.
- Records of cookie consent are kept (date, version, preference content).
- Your consent is renewed every 12 months.
Supervisory authority:
At the federal level, the Bundesbeauftragte für den Datenschutz und die Informationsfreiheit (BfDI) and at the state level, the relevant Landesbeauftragte für den Datenschutz are authorized in Germany.
🌐 bfdi.bund.de
15.2 France — CNIL (Commission Nationale de l'Informatique et des Libertés)
Who it applies to: Users residing in France or accessing our Platform from France.
Legal ground: French data protection authority CNIL is one of the most active enforcing institutions within the EU. In French law, GDPR is applied together with the Loi Informatique et Libertés (Law No. 78-17).
Pledle's compliance approach:
CNIL adopts particularly strict standards on cookie compliance. According to CNIL guidelines:
- The "Reject All" button is placed with equal visibility with the "Accept All" button in the cookie banner. This requirement is fully implemented in the interface presented to French users.
- No analytical or preference cookies are enabled before consent.
- Legal texts on the French interface of the Platform (privacy policy, cookie policy) are also presented in French.
- In accordance with CNIL's ban on "cookie walls", your access to the Platform is not blocked even if you reject cookies.
Additional rights of French users:
Under French law, you have the right to create a post-mortem directive on how your personal data will be processed in the event of death. You can transmit this request to privacy@pledle.com.
Supervisory authority:
🌐 cnil.fr
📧 For complaints: cnil.fr/fr/plaintes
15.3 Russia — Federal Law No. 152-FZ
Who it applies to: Citizens of the Russian Federation and users residing in Russia.
Legal ground: Federal Law No. 152-FZ "On Personal Data" dated July 27, 2006 (Федеральный закон «О персональных данных»).
Pledle's current compliance status and limitations:
Article 18 (Article 18.1) of 152-FZ requires the collection, recording, systematization, accumulation, storage, clarification, and withdrawal of personal data of Russian citizens to be carried out in databases located on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Pledle's current infrastructure (Supabase — US servers) cannot technically meet this localization obligation. This situation is transparently explained below:
⚠️ Important Information for Russian Federation Users: Pledle's data infrastructure is currently not deployed on Russian territory. Full compliance within the scope of the 152-FZ localization obligation has not yet been achieved. We would like to state clearly that if you choose to use the Platform, your data will be processed and stored on servers located in the USA. The decision in this regard is entirely yours.
Pledle will evaluate options to establish a local data storage infrastructure for Russian users or withdraw from the relevant market in the period ahead.
Supervisory authority:
Roskomnadzor (Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций)
🌐 rkn.gov.ru
15.4 Japan — APPI (Act on the Protection of Personal Information)
Who it applies to: Users residing in Japan or accessing our Platform from Japan.
Legal ground: Act on the Protection of Personal Information (個人情報の保護に関する法律, "APPI"), which most recently came into effect in 2022 after being comprehensively updated.
Core concepts under APPI and Pledle's compliance:
| APPI Concept | Definition | Pledle's Application |
|---|---|---|
| Personal Information (個人情報) | Any information used to identify a specific person | Account, book, and chat data fall into this scope |
| Sensitive Personal Information (要配慮個人情報) | Race, creed, health, criminal record, etc. | Pledle does not process data in this category |
| Pseudonymous Information (仮名加工情報) | Data with identity separated | Applied in analytical data |
| Foreign transfer (第三者提供) | Sending data to foreign countries | OpenAI, Supabase, Resend — with user consent |
Rights of Japanese users:
Under APPI, you can exercise the following rights:
- Request for disclosure (開示請求): Knowing the content of your processed personal data
- Rectification / Addition / Deletion (訂正・追加・削除): Correction of incorrect data
- Suspension of use (利用停止): Suspension of processing under certain conditions
- Suspension of third-party provision (第三者提供停止): Suspension of transfer to third parties
You can transmit your requests to privacy@pledle.com in Japanese or English. Response time: 2 weeks.
Information on foreign transfer:
The 2022 update of the APPI requires users to be informed if personal data is transferred abroad. Pledle transfers your data to the USA-based Supabase, OpenAI, Lemon Squeezy, and Resend infrastructures. This transfer is carried out within the framework of the foreign transfer conditions under Art. 24 of the APPI.
Supervisory authority:
Personal Information Protection Commission (個人情報保護委員会 — PPC)
🌐 ppc.go.jp
15.5 Saudi Arabia and UAE — PDPL and Regional Regulations
15.5.1 Saudi Arabia — PDPL (نظام حماية البيانات الشخصية)
Legal ground: The Personal Data Protection Law (PDPL) fully came into effect on September 1, 2023. The Law is supervised by the SDAIA (Saudi Data & AI Authority) and offers a framework parallel to the GDPR.
Core obligations under PDPL and Pledle's compliance:
- Explicit consent: Explicit consent of the data owner is obtained for the processing of personal data. Pledle applies separate consent mechanisms for account creation and AI chat features.
- Purpose limitation: Data is processed only for the declared purposes.
- Foreign transfer: PDPL subjects the transfer of data abroad to the condition of an adequate level of protection or contractual safeguard. Transfers made to Pledle's service providers in the USA are supported by contractual safeguards.
- Data breach notification: In case of a security breach, notification is made to the SDAIA within 72 hours.
Rights of Saudi users (PDPL Art. 4-10):
- Accessing their data and requesting a copy (الاطلاع)
- Asking for correction of incorrect data (التصحيح)
- Requesting the destruction of their data (الإتلاف)
- Objecting to processing (الاعتراض)
- Withdrawing consent (سحب الموافقة)
Supervisory authority:
Saudi Data & AI Authority (SDAIA) — Personal Data Protection Commission
🌐 sdaia.gov.sa
📧 pdp@sdaia.gov.sa
15.5.2 United Arab Emirates
In the UAE, the UAE Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021 (Personal Data Protection Law) is in effect at the federal level. Additionally, DIFC Data Protection Law (DIFC Law No. 5 of 2020) in Dubai and ADGM Data Protection Regulations in Abu Dhabi are applied at the regional level.
Pledle's compliance approach:
- The UAE federal law largely overlaps with the GDPR; Pledle's GDPR compliance framework is also valid for UAE users.
- Principles of consent, transparency, purpose limitation, and data security are fully applied for UAE users as well.
- Your data is processed in the USA-based infrastructure; this transfer is supported by contractual safeguards.
Rights of UAE users:
Rights equivalent to those under the GDPR are also valid under the UAE federal law. You can write to privacy@pledle.com in Arabic or English for your requests. Response time: 30 days.
Supervisory authority:
UAE Data Office
🌐 uaedataoffice.gov.ae
16. Children's Privacy
Our Platform is not intended for persons under the age of 18, and we do not knowingly collect personal data from these individuals.
If we realize that a user under the age of 18 has created an account, we immediately delete said account and all related data.
If you think your child is using our Platform, please contact privacy@pledle.com.
17. Marketing Communications
16.1 Emails You Receive
In case of your explicit consent, we may send the following marketing communications:
- Platform updates and new feature announcements
- Reading tips and editorial content
- Special campaign and discount notifications
16.2 Unsubscribing
You can opt out of marketing communications at any time by clicking the "Unsubscribe" link at the bottom of each marketing email. This process becomes effective within 10 business days.
Opting out of marketing emails does not affect the delivery of transactional emails regarding your account (password reset, invoice info, etc.).
18. Policy Changes
We may update this Privacy Policy from time to time. When significant changes are made:
- We publish a prominent notice on the Platform
- We send a notification to your registered email address
- We revise the "Last Updated" date at the top of the policy
Your continued use of the Platform following the notification of changes means that you accept the updated Policy.
You can make a request to privacy@pledle.com to access old versions.
19. Contact and Application Methods
For questions about our privacy policy, your personal data, or your rights:
General Privacy Questions:
📧 privacy@pledle.com
Data Protection Officer (DPO):
📧 dpo@pledle.com
Legal Requests and Official Applications:
📧 legal@pledle.com
Response Times:
- General questions: 5 business days
- Official rights exercise requests: 30 days (KVKK/GDPR), 45 days (CCPA)
- Data breach notifications: 72 hours (GDPR)
This Privacy Policy has been prepared within the framework of Turkish Law (KVKK), European Union General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Germany TTDSG, France Loi Informatique et Libertés, Russia Federal Law No. 152-FZ, Japan APPI, Saudi Arabia PDPL, UAE Federal Decree-Law No. 45 of 2021, and California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA/CPRA). In legal disputes, the Turkish text shall prevail.
Pledle — Designed for reading. Built for trust.